Here are some key events from more than four years of turmoil and transition in Egypt:
— February 11, 2011: Autocrat Hosni Mubarak steps down after 18 days of nationwide protests against his nearly 30-year rule. The military takes over, dissolving parliament and suspending the constitution after the uprising leaves hundreds of protesters dead in clashes with security forces.
— November 28, 2011 – February 15, 2012: The Muslim Brotherhood wins nearly half the seats in multi-stage elections for the first post-Mubarak parliament, while ultraconservative Salafi Islamists take another quarter. The remainder goes to liberal, independent and secular politicians.
— June 18, 2012: The Muslim Brotherhood's candidate Mohammed Morsi defeats Ahmed Shafiq, Mubarak's last prime minister, with 51.7 percent of the vote in a runoff, taking office on June 30 as Egypt's first freely elected president.
— August 12, 2012: Morsi removes the defense minister and military chief, Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi, and replaces him with Lt. Gen. Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi.
— November 22, 2012: Morsi unilaterally decrees greater powers for himself, giving his decisions immunity from judicial review and barring the courts from dissolving a panel charged with drafting a new constitution. The move sparks days of protests.
— December 15 – December 22, 2012: Egyptians approve a constitution drafted and hastily passed by Islamists amid protests and walkouts by other groups, with 63.8 percent voting in favor but a low turnout of 32.9 percent.
— March 12, 2013: Egypt rejects an offer of a US$750 million rescue loan from the International Monetary Fund. In the coming months, fuel and electricity shortages stoke discontent, while a campaign called Tamarod, or "Rebel," gathers signatures calling for Morsi's removal and early presidential elections.
— June 30, 2013: On Morsi's anniversary in office, millions of Egyptians begin days of demonstrations demanding his resignation. The military gives him 48 hours to reach an agreement with his opponents, but he vows to remain in office.
— July 3, 2013: El-Sisi announces Morsi's removal, installing Constitutional Court Chief Justice Adly Mansour as interim president.
— July 8, 2013: Egyptian soldiers fire on Morsi supporters protesting outside a military facility in Cairo, killing over 50. Each side blames the other for the violence. Mansour sets a timeline for amending the constitution and electing a new president and parliament by mid-February. The Brotherhood boycotts the process.
— August 14, 2013: More than 600 people, mostly Morsi supporters, are killed when police clear two pro-Morsi sit-ins in Cairo. Islamists retaliate by torching government buildings, churches and police stations. Hundreds more die in subsequent violence.
— August 19, 2013: Suspected Islamic militants kill 25 policemen in the Sinai Peninsula. Militant attacks escalate in Sinai over the following months, with shootings, bombings and suicide attacks against security officials and troops.
— September 23, 2013: An Egyptian court orders the Brotherhood banned and its assets confiscated.
— October 9, 2013: The US suspends delivery of tanks, helicopters and fighter jets to Egypt in a show of disapproval over the anti-Brotherhood crackdown.
— November 4, 2013: Morsi appears for the first time since his ouster at the opening of his trial on charges of inciting violence, the first of several court cases against him. Some charges against him carry the death penalty.
— December 25, 2013: The government designates the Muslim Brotherhood a terrorist organization.
— January 14, 2014: Egyptians vote in favor of amendments to the constitution adopted under Morsi. The referendum sees 98.1 percent of voters approve the measure. Turnout is less than 39 percent.
— March 24, 2014: An Egyptian court sentences to death nearly 530 suspected Morsi supporters over a deadly attack on a police station, capping a swift, two-day mass trial in which defense attorneys were not allowed to present their case. The death sentences are reduced to 37 after review.
— March 26, 2014: Ending months of anticipation, el-Sisi announces that he has resigned from the military and will run for president.
— April 28, 2014: An Egyptian court sentences to death the Muslim Brotherhood's spiritual leader and 682 other people over violence and the killing of policemen. The verdict, which can be appealed, sparks an international outcry.
— May 3, 2014: A three-week presidential campaign period begins. El-Sisi doesn't appear in public rallies, instead holding meetings and giving pre-recorded television interviews. His rival, leftist politician Hamdeen Sabahi, rallies around Egypt and has support from some youth groups.
— May 26 – 28, 2014: Egyptians vote in a presidential election, with el-Sisi widely expected to win by a landslide.
— June 3, 2014: Egypt's Election Commission officially announces that el-Sisi has won with 96.9 percent of the vote. Sabahi receives 775,000 votes, fewer than the 1.4 million invalid ballots cast. Turnout was 47.45 percent.
— June 8, 2014: El-Sisi is sworn in for a four-year term.
— November 10, 2014: A Sinai-based jihadi organization called Ansar Beit al-Maqdis pledges allegiance to the Islamic State group, giving the organization a foothold in Egypt.
—November 30, 2014: A judge dismisses murder charges against Mubarak and acquits his security chief over the killing of protesters during the 2011 uprising.
—March 13-15: Egypt hosts an international investor conference that sees billions pledged to boost the battered economy.
—April 21: In the first verdict issued against the country's first freely elected leader, an Egyptian court sentences Morsi to 20 years in prison on charges linked to the killing of protesters in 2012.
—May 9: A Cairo court sentences Mubarak and his two sons to three years in prison on corruption charges during a retrial.
—May 16: An Egyptian court sentences Morsi and more than 100 others to death over a mass prison break during the 2011 uprising. The case has been referred to the country's top religious scholar for a non-binding opinion.
—October 18: Voting begins in Egypt for parliamentary elections, the final step in what has been billed as a post-Morsi transition to democracy, but what critics call a rolling retrenchment of authoritarian rule.
